![]() ![]() This is a reasonable approximation for real bodies when the motion of internal parts can be neglected, and when the separation between bodies is much larger than the size of each. Newton's laws are often stated in terms of point or particle masses, that is, bodies whose volume is negligible. Limitations to Newton's laws have also been discovered new theories are necessary when objects move at very high speeds ( special relativity), are very massive ( general relativity), or are very small ( quantum mechanics). In the time since Newton, the conceptual content of classical physics has been reformulated in alternative ways, involving different mathematical approaches that have yielded insights which were obscured in the original, Newtonian formulation. Newton used them to investigate and explain the motion of many physical objects and systems, which laid the foundation for classical mechanics. The three laws of motion were first stated by Isaac Newton in his Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica ( Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy), originally published in 1687. If two bodies exert forces on each other, these forces have the same magnitude but opposite directions.When a body is acted upon by a net force, the body's acceleration multiplied by its mass is equal to the net force.A body remains at rest, or in motion at a constant speed in a straight line, unless acted upon by a force.These laws can be paraphrased as follows: Real forces have a physical origin, whereas fictitious forces occur because the observer is in an accelerating or noninertial frame of reference.Newton's laws of motion are three basic laws of classical mechanics that describe the relationship between the motion of an object and the forces acting on it.The force developed in a spring obeys Hooke’s law, according to which its magnitude is proportional to the displacement and has a sense in the opposite direction of the displacement. ![]() The force of friction is a force experienced by a moving object (or an object that has a tendency to move) parallel to the interface opposing the motion (or its tendency).If the object is accelerating, tension is greater than weight, and if it is decelerating, tension is less than weight. When a rope supports the weight of an object at rest, the tension in the rope is equal to the weight of the object. The pulling force that acts along a stretched flexible connector, such as a rope or cable, is called tension.When an object rests on an inclined plane that makes an angle \(\theta\) with the horizontal surface, the weight of the object can be resolved into components that act perpendicular and parallel to the surface of the plane. ![]()
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